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Terry Van Dyke, PhD
Professor


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Research Interests

The Molecular Biology and Biological Strategies of Cancer Genes

Cancer development involves alterations in both protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In vitro systems have provided molecular details for the pathways potentially disrupted in this multi-step process. Yet, understanding tumorigenesis of diverse cell types clearly requires the use of in vivo systems such as genetically engineered mouse models. We have established several tumor models using transgenic (Tg) and knock-out strategies which have facilitated analysis of the tumor suppressors, p53 and pRb, including their contribution to normal growth control and the consequences of their inactivation to multi-step tumorigenesis. In two model systems, thymic lymphoma and brain carcinoma, in depth studies have shown that these tumor suppressors each have distinct roles depending upon the cell type. For example, inactivation of pRb causes tumor initiation in the brain system, although it has no measurable effect in T cells. Inactivation of p53, a gene that is altered in about 50 % of human cancers, contributes to tumorigenesis in both cell types, but in different ways. In T cells p53-deficiency predisposes to, or initiates, tumorigenesis, whereas in the brain tumor system p53 inactivation contributes only to tumor progression after initiation by other mechanisms. In this latter case p53 provides the cellular defense to oncogenic events causing abnormal cells to die by apoptosis.

We have utilized genetic, molecular, and cell biological approaches to explore the molecular pathways utilized by these tumor suppressors. These studies have identified some components of the pathway(s) and have shown which of them may or may not act as tumor suppressors, and why. This type of analysis provides validation of mechanisms suggested by in vitro studies, and in addition can reveal previously unknown possibilities. Also under study are the genes and mechanisms involved in tumor progression in each model. Genetic studies of predictable tumor stages form the basis for these projects. For example, in the brain model loss of the normal p53 allele occurs predictably in all in animals of a p53+/- background. Subsequent to p53 loss, these tumors rapidly progress to highly aggressive states, including extensive angiogenesis and invasiveness. This enables a detailed examination of the molecular and cellular events in developing tumors, a study not possible in human cancers. Studies are underway to characterize the chromosomal and gene expression aberrations that characterize these events. Furthermore, factors involved in angiogenesis and invasiveness are under study.

Finally, using combined transgenic and gene-targeting technologies we are developing preclinical models of glioma, mammary and prostate cancer. Tissue-specific technology is being applied to the systematic analysis of tumor-specific functions. The aim is to both understand the genetic and cellular changes that contribute to cancer in each case, to understand the cell-specificity of these mechanisms and to establish animal models for preclinical testing and development of therapeutic agents. For example, collaborative studies are underway with the Samulski lab at UNC to test and develop genetic therapy strategies for the delivery of anti-angiogenesis factors.


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Publications

Yan C, Costa R, Darnell JE, Chen J, and Van Dyke TA. (1990) Distinct positive and negative elements control the limited hepatocyte and choroid plexus expression of transthyretin in transgenic mice. EMBO J. 9:869-878.

Dyson N, Bernards R, Friend S, Gooding L, Hassel J, Major E, Pipas J, Prives C, Van Dyke T, & Harlow E. (1990) The large antigens of many polyma viruses are able to form complexes with the retinoblastoma protein. J.Virol. 64:1353-1356.

Koretsky A, Brosnan J, Chen LH, and Van Dyke TA. (1990) NMR detection of creatine kinase expressed in liver oftransgenic mice: Determination of free ADP levels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:3112-3116.

Brosnan J, Chen L, Van Dyke T, and Koretsky AP. (1990) Free ADP levels in transgenic mouse liver expressing creatine kinase: effects of enzyme activity, phosphagen type and substrate concentration. J. Biol. Chem. 265:20849-20855.

Brosnan J, Chen L, Wheeler CE, Van Dyke T, and Koretsky A. (1991) Phosphocreatine protects hepatic ATP from a fructose load in transgenic mouse liver expressing creatine kinase. Am. J. Physiol. 260:1191-1200.

Symonds H, Chen J, and Van Dyke T. (1991) Complex formation between the lymphotropic papovavirus large tumor antigen and the tumor suppressor protein, p53. J. Virol. 65:5417-5424.
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Van Dyke, Terry A., Chen J and Van Dyke T. (1991) Uniform cell-autonomous tumorigenesis of the choroid plexus by papovaviraus large T antigens. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:5968-5976.

Chen J, Tobin G, Pipas J, and Van Dyke TA. (1992) T antigen mutant activities in vivo: roles of p53 and pRB binding in tumorigenesis of the choroid plexus. Oncogene. 7:1167-1175.

Van Dyke TA. (1993) Tumors of choroid plexus, In: Molecular Genetics of Nervous System Tumors, eds. Levine and Schmidek, publisher Wiley & Sons, p287-301.

Symonds H, McCarthy S, Chen J, Pipas JM, and Van Dyke T. (1993) Use of transgenic mice reveals cell-specific transformation by an SV40 T antigen amino-terminal mutant. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3255-3265.

Van Dyke T. (1994) Analysis of viral-host protein interactions and tumorigenesis in transgenic mice. Semin. in Cancer Biol., 5:47-60.

McCarthy SA, Symonds HS, and Van Dyke T. (1994) Regulation of apoptosis in transgenic mice by SV40 T antigen-mediated inactivation of p53. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:3979-3983.

Sáenz Robles MT, Symonds HS, Chen J, and Van Dyke T. (1994) Induction versus progression of brain tumor development: Differential functions of the pRB- and p53-targeting domains of SV40 T antigen. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:2686-2698.

Symonds H, Krall L, Remington L, Sáenz Robles MT, Lowe S, Jacks T, and Van Dyke T. (1994) p53 dependent apoptosis suppresses tumor growth and progression in vivo. Cell, 78:703-711.

Symonds H, Krall L, Remington L, Sáenz Robles MT, Lowe S, Jacks T, and Van Dyke T. (1994) p53-dependent apoptosis in vivo: Impact of p53 inactivation in tumorigenesis. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 49:247-257.

Wu H, Wade M, Krall L, Grisham J, Xiong Y, and Van Dyke T. (1996) Targeted in vivo expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 halts hepatocyte cell-cycle progression, postnatal liver development, and regeneration. Genes and Dev. 10:245-260.

Bowman T, Symonds H, Gu L, Oren M, and Van Dyke T. (1996) Tissue-specific inactivation of p53 tumor suppression in the mouse. Genes and Dev. 10:826-835.

Yin C, Knudson M, Korsmeyer S, and Van Dyke T. (1997) Bax suppresses tumorigenesis and stimulates apoptosis in vivo. Nature 385:637-640.

Li J, Witte DP, Van Dyke T, Askew DS. (1997) Expression of the putative protooncogene His-1 in normal and neoplastic tissues. Am. J. of Pathology 150:1297-1305.

Patrick T, Dranz D, Van Dyke T, and Edward R. (1997) Folate receptors as potential therapeutic targets in choroid plexus tumors of SV11 transgeneic mice. J. of Neuro-Oncology 32:111-123.

Pan H, Yin C, and Van Dyke T. (1997) Apoptosis and cancer mechanisms. Cancer Surveys 29:305-327.

Liao M-J, Zhang X-X, Hill R, Gao J, Qumsiyeh MB, Nichols W, and Van Dyke T. (1998) No requirement for V(D)J recombination in p53-deficient thymic lymphoma. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:3495-3501.

Pan H, Yin C, Yamaskai L. Dyson N, Harlow E, and Van Dyke T. (1998) Key roles for E2F1 in p53-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle regulation within developing tumors. Mol. Cell. 2:283-292.

Liao M-J, Yin C, Barlow C, Wynshaw-Boris A, and Van Dyke T. (1999) Atm is dispensable for p53 apoptosis and tumor suppression when signaled by cell cycle dysfunction. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:3095-3102.

Liao M-J and Van Dyke TA. (1999) Critical role for Atm in suppressing VDJ recombination-driven thymic lymphoma, Genes and Dev. 13:1246-1250

de La Coste A., Mignon A, Fabre M, Gilbert E, Porteu A, Van Dyke T, Kahn A, and Perret C (1999) Paradoxical inhibition of c-myc-induced carcinogenesis by Bcl-2 in transgenic mice. Cancer Research 59:5017-5022.

Salganik RI, Albright CD, Rodgers J, Kim J, Zeisel SH, Sivanshenskiy MS, and Van Dyke TA (2000) Antioxidant depletion: Enhancement of apoptotic tumor cell death and inhibition of brain tumor growth in transgenic mice. Carcinogenesis, 21: 909-914.

Lu, X., G. Magrane, D.N.Louis, J. Gray, and T. Van Dyke (2001) Selective inactivation of p53 facilitates mouse epithelial tumor progression without chromosomal instability, Mol. and Cell Biol., 21:6017-6030

Garciduenas L., Alcaraz, A., Salazar G., Tascareno A., Garcia R., Osnaya N., Calderon A., Devlin R. and Van Dyke TA (2001)
Nasal Biopsies of Children Exposed to Air Polluntants. Toxicologic Pathology, 29:558-564.

Tolbert D, Lu X, Yin C, Tantama, M and Van Dyke TA (2002) p19arf is Dispensable for Oncogenic Stress-Induced p53-dependent Apoptosis and Tumor Suppression in vivo. Mol. Cell Biol., 22:370-377.

Perkins EJ, Nair A, Cowley DO, Van Dyke T., Chang Y. Ramsden DA (2002) Sensing of Intermediates in V(D)J recombination by
ATM. Genes Dev. 2002 Jan. 15;16:159-64.

Van Dyke, T. and T. Jacks (2002) Cancer Modeling in the Modern Era: Progress and Challenges. Cell, Vol. 108,135-144,

Xiao A, Wu H, Louis DN, Pandolfi PP, Van Dyke TA. 2002. Astrocyte inactivation of the pRb pathway predisposes mice to malignant astrocytoma development that is accelerated by PTEN Mutation. Cancer Cel1,1:157-168.

Weiss, W A, Israel M., Cobbs C., Holland E., James C D, Louis D N, Marks Cheryl, McClatchey A., Roberts T., Van Dyke T. , Wetmore C., Chiu I., Giovannini M., Guha A., Higgins R., Marino S., Radovanovic I., Reilly K., Aldape K. (2002) Neuropathology of genetically engineered mice. Oncogene. 21;44

Trotman, L., Niki, M., Dotan,Z., Koutcher, J., Di Cristofano, A, Xiao, A, Khoo, A., Roy-Burman, Greenberg, N. , Van Dyke, T., Cordon-Cardo, C. P.P Pandolfi. (2003) PTEN Dose Dictates Cancer Progression in the Prostate. PloS Biology, 1:385-396

Simin, K. H. Wu, L. Lu, D. Pinkel, D. Albertson, R. Cardiff, and Van Dyke TA (2004) pRb Inactivation in Mammary Cells Predisposes to Adenocarcinoma and Reveals Common Mechanisms for Tumor Initiation and Progression in Divergent Epithelia. PloS Biology, in press for February 2004
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Van Dyke, Terry A.
Submitted or in Preparation:
Xiao A, Di Cristofano, A,, Pandolfi PP, Van Dyke TA. (2004) PTEN Inactivation Facilitates Progression to High-Grade Tumors by Multiple Mechanisms and Pathways. Submitted.

Albright C, Shah A, Monson R, Garcia P, Salganik R, and Van Dyke TA (2004) Dietary Antioxidant Depletion Inhibits Mammary Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Transgenic Mice (submitted).

Hill, R., Cardiff R, and Van Dyke TA (2003) Inactivation of the pRb pathway specifically in prostate epithelium induces high grade PIN and predisposes to carcinoma development in mice. (in preparation).

Yin, C., and Van Dyke, T. (2003) Progression to angiogenesis coincident with somatic inactivation of p53 in a transgenic brain tumor model (in preparation).

Zhang L, Allan R, Wu H, and Van Dyke TA (2003) Highly penetrant diabetes induced by targeted expression of cell cycle inhibitors in liver and pancreas (in preparation).


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Graduate Students
Current
Qian Zhang, June 2001-present, B.S., 96, Zhejiang University, China

Malini Mukherjee, December 2002-present, B.A., 00, Jadavpur Univ., India

Ryan Bash, April 2003-present

Mark Schliekelman, June 2003-present

Past
Reginald Hill, June 2000 - October 2005, B.S., 98, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee; PhD received 5/05, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Current position: Postdoctoral Fellow, UCLA (Hong Wu)

Julie McLear, June 2000-July 2005, B.A., 98, SUNY Plattsburg, New York; PhD received 5/05, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Current position: Postdoctoral Fellow, SUNY-Albany (Anne Messer)

Postdoctoral Trainees
Current
Chaoying Yin, 6/95-present; Research Associate 1997; Research Assistant Professor 2000; Ph.D., Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University

Dale Cowley, 1/00-present, Postdoctoral Research Assistant, Ph.D, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (Leukemia Fellow)

Karl Simin, 5/00-present, Postdoctoral Research Assistant, Ph.D., Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah

Yurong Song, 8/03-present, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Ph.D., Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Natalie Karpinich, 12/04-present, Postdoctoral Fellow, Ph.D., Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Trudy Oliver, 11/05-present, Postdoctoral Fellow, Ph.D., Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Contact Information

12-044 Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, CB 7295
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295

Office: 919.962.2145
Lab: 919-962-2148
Fax: 919.843.3160

Website: http://cancer.med.unc.edu/vandykelab/index.htm
Email: terry_vandyke<at>med.unc.edu

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